New relational understandings of city building

New understandings in Streptococcus pyogenes.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW A resurgence of invasive group A streptococcal infections highlights the need for better knowledge of streptococcal biology. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the field. RECENT FINDINGS Invasive group A streptococcal infections cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The current upsurge of invasive infections in developed countri...

PLS: New Directions, New Challenges, and New Understandings

RNAi screening: new approaches, understandings, and organisms.

RNA interference (RNAi) leads to sequence-specific knockdown of gene function. The approach can be used in large-scale screens to interrogate function in various model organisms and an increasing number of other species. Genome-scale RNAi screens are routinely performed in cultured or primary cells or in vivo in organisms such as C. elegans. High-throughput RNAi screening is benefitting from th...

Building a Robust Relational Implementation of Topology

Topologically structured data models often form the core of many users’ spatial databases. Topological structuring is primarily used to ensure data integrity; it describes how spatial objects share geometry. Supporting topology within the context of a relational database imposes additional requirements – the complex topological model must retain integrity across transactional boundaries. This c...

Building Understanding of Smart City Initiatives

This study presents the first results of an analysis primarily based on semi-structured interviews with government officials and managers who are responsible for smart city initiatives in four North American cities—Philadelphia and Seattle in the United States, Quebec City in Canada, and Mexico City in Mexico. With the reference to the Smart City Initiatives Framework that we suggested in our p...